Thursday, October 31, 2019
EU LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words
EU LAW - Essay Example We will begin with a concise yet comprehensive overview of the European Union and will thoroughly address the evolution of the EU following the collapse of state-led communism in Eastern Europe. The European Union has undergone a variety of changes in the aftermath of the fall of the Soviet Union including expansion to the east through the Maastricht Treaty and proposed institutional change through the Treaty of Lisbon. Although it has not always been the case, modern-day Europe is characterized by a unifying democratic political culture. While the concept of democracy originated on its shores, the philosophy of democratic governance was challenged in 20th century Europe by authoritarian political movements, including fascism (expressed by Nazi Germany & Mussolini’s Italy), and communism (as exemplified in Eastern Europe during the Cold War). With Allied victory in World War II and the recent collapse of the Soviet Union, democracy – in varying degrees– is now a universal trend amongst European states. In fact liberal democracy, best expressed by the states of Western Europe with entrenched democratic traditions, is quickly becoming the standard for the continent. Democratic norms and rules have subsequently been established through a pan-European legal framework (see Almond et al 2002). Promoting widespread reform to the existing institutions of the European Union, the Treaty of Lisbon is an international multilateral agreement which would fundamentally alter the institutions and composition of this organization. Accordingly, Lisbon would supersede prior agreements enacted by this multinational organization and a represent significant institutional change to the EU. Seeped in controversy, the Treaty of Lisbon has yet to be ratified by all member states and thus remains on the backburner for most countries of the European Union. Accordingly, the countries which comprise the European Union have embraced
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
The Rise of the Star in the Wake of Hollywood’s Golden Era Essay Example for Free
The Rise of the Star in the Wake of Hollywood’s Golden Era Essay Introduction                       Hollywood has long been a place distinguished by the fulfillment of dreams that it offers to the large number of hopefuls who are longing to be artists. The fame and the fortune that Hollywood brings to its people and its subjects are rather large and too much inviting for the enthusiasts of the arts. The birth of filmmaking took place in the same place where the artists were also nurtured with the skills and competent skills that they now have in performing infront of their audiences and infront of cameras.            However beautiful it could be seen right now, it should be remembered that before the prestigious name of Hollywood came to reality, the creators of the said have passed a number of hardships in its history â€Å"dream factory†. The fact that it takes a lot of effort to make a dream come true, the ones who established Hollywood as a name that echoes the picturesque of perfect artistry, did a lot of job to attain their goals in making a name for the said place. Today, it could be noticed that Hollywood becomes the center of every news report in the world that gives color to television programming. Indeed, Hollywood’s establishment has made t possible for people around the world to enjoy a certain entertainment that brings ease to every depressed soul in the society.            This is the main reason why many people take interest n knowing how Hollywood came to be. How it all started and who were the ones who made it big in the first years of the Entertainment industry in the United States. The Fifty Golden Years of Hollywood’s history has long been the favorite subject that art enthusiasts and historians enjoy to tackle. The color of life that makes up the history of the said sector of the human civilization since the 1950’s has made it even more interesting even for local readers and viewers of Hollywood shows. A Background on Hollywood’s History as a Residential Place            Hollywood’s beginning has been more shifted on the agricultural nourishment that the place provides for the residents. However, when the 1880’s arrived, H.H. Wilcox has planned a new community that he has foreseen to grow n Hollywood. It was more of a community that is fit for wealthy people. Later on, the famous personalities from different parts of the United States and Europe began to see the said place as a fine residential area and began to settle there for good.            The Prospect Avenue has become a home for the famous ones such as Queen Anne, the Victorian residents and other more famous personalities. Since then, Hollywood has not been much the same as it has been when it first started as a simple community of agriculturists. More changes were still ready to happen in the coming years in the Hollywood History. The Beginning of Film Industry and Art Enthusiasm in Hollywood            During the year 1911, the first film studio has been established by the Nestor Company. The said studio was located at the corner of the Sunset and Grower streets. Nestor Company’s film studio began shooting the first films in the fine climate and ambiance of Hollywood. Since then, Hollywood began to take a name that is more suited for the artistic creation of the excellent movies that entertains the society.            The adjustments though were not that easy to accept especially for the older residents of Hollywood. Since some part of Hollywood’s area was still dedicated to agriculture, the changes that the film industry brings to the locals of the place brought several issues for the older and the newer residents of Hollywood. Later on, the agricultural sites in Hollywood began to be subdivided and then created into residential areas. The said agricultural place is now more famously known as the Hollywood Boulevard. More than this, there came the creation of skyrocketing buildings around the area that hosted most of the companies that intended to put up filmmaking studios around Hollywood.            Other establishments such as banks, grocery stores, restaurants and clubs as well as movie theaters were also established which naturally catered to the needs of the residents that are currently residing in Hollywood.            The architectural design of the buildings were both inspired by the playful personalities that resided in the place as well as the famous ones that were known during the two World Wars that mainly affected the art of filmmaking in the entertainment industry. The whole community has been offering all kinds of created building styles that show the extreme depiction of both glamour and sophistication that the place holds.            Everything became fit for the stars. However, when the movie stars began to have a better choice of residential offering in Beverly Hills, the said Hollywood life changed since the restaurants that were once found in the vicinity of the said place left with the stars and transferred to their customers’ area in Beverly Hills.            Hence, the Hollywood city’s ambiance changed to becoming a more industrialized, and business-centered community. Most of the filmmaking studios stayed in Hollywood while other industrial offices found the said city more inviting and suit for their profitable pursuits. Today, the social environment of Hollywood is more of a business-oriented area than that of a residential place as it has been before.            No matter how many changes has been taken in connection with the film industry, the buildings in the said area, which still holds the historical picture of the place is now being taken care of by the United States’ government as it has been officially noted in the national Register of Historic Places. Indeed, the said protection does not only intend to take care of the Historical background of Hollywood as a place for residents of the famous and the glamorous but it also offers to protect the colorful beginning of the history of the art of filmmaking in the said place. Yes, Hollywood was the place where all the artistic approach of entertainment in terms of filmmaking all started and continues to thrive at present. CHAPTER 2 The Glamour of the 50’s            It has only been the end of a big world account, the second World War’s effect on the American Society and the whole world as well, has not only been directed to the political aspects of the society but also towards the arts. It could be noted that during the war years, the created films were calmer and less provocative of mass rebellion. The years that covered the 1940’s has much control on the way that the films were presented to the public. The movies were characterized to be less presenting on the real accounts that happen on the society during that era. This is because of the filmmakers’ fear of being connoted as an industry that encourages the society to rebel or revolt against the authorities that presently control the society during those years.            However, when the war finally ended, the people or the viewers wanted more than just a calm presentation of the society. The fact that many among the people in the society were directly afflicted by the war years, the y wanted a more rebellious entertainment. Their emotional outpouring on the authorities who failed to end the war years at the least possible time that it have existed has inspired the filmmakers to present the actual emotional dispositions of the society.            Because of the idea of being finally free from the strife that the war brought upon the human society, the whole humanity aimed to show the pain that they used to feel during the times of the war. They aimed to show the public of the dreadful effects that the wars brought about to the lives of the people.            This is the reason why many of the films that were produced during the 1950’s introduced more expressive characters and settings that catered to the emotionally shifted themes of the movies during those certain times. Regarding this, an Internet site on the said film history placed it this way:            â€Å"In the period following WWII when most of the films were idealized with         conventional portrayals of men and women, young people wanted new and       exciting symbols of rebellion. Hollywood responded to audience demands the           late 1940s and 1950s saw the rise of the anti-hero with stars like newcomers    James Dean, Paul Newman (who debuted in the costume epic The Silver Chalice (1954)) and Marlon Brando, replacing more proper actors like Tyrone Power, Van Johnson, and Robert Taylor. [In later decades, this new generation of method actors would be followed by Robert DeNiro, Jack Nicholson, and Al            Pacino.] Sexy anti-heroines included Ava Gardner, Kim Novak, and Marilyn      Monroe an exciting, vibrant, sexy star.†(The Dawning of the 50’s, 2006)            Yes, the new-waved approach of the movie industry in presenting a more reality based programming system has opened ways to new artists to be known and introduced to the society as enthusiasts of the social interests. The young entertainment has also been catered by the film industry during this era.            James dean as for example became the most famous teenager artist. His skills in the craft of acting have made him a great name in the entertainment industry. The Said Internet site further adds:            â€Å"The anguished, introspective teen James Dean (1932-1955) was the epitome of adolescent pain. Dean appeared in only three films before his sudden death in      the fall of 1955. His first starring role was in Elia Kazans adaptation of John   Steinbecks novel East of Eden (1955) as a Cain-like son named Cal vying for            his fathers (Raymond Massey) love against his brother Aron.†(The Dawning of the 50’s, 2006).            Along with James Dean, came other young stars that also tried to portray the character of youngsters that the teenagers during those times wanted to present in the society. Young ones who are more expressive, more certain about the things that they want and more open towards their opinion of the society’s norms have been the main characters of the movie icons that have been shown through the films of the 1950’s.            As years pass, the film industry of the 50’s have been more open minded about the realities that are found in the human society. Cigar smoking, the use of fouls words and the fast-talks has been much related to entertainment of the 50’s era. Yes, the birth of a more socially oriented and reality-based programming has been introduced to the viewers during the years of the post-world war. The fondness of the society to actually see themselves symbolically through the characters of the artists that portray their roles in the movies have been the main idea of entertainment of those times. CHAPTER 3 The Big Ten of Hollywood’s Golden Years            The artists were not the only ones who have gained names during the Golden years of Hollywood’s history. The filmmakers and the people that contributed to the success of the entertainment industry who made the movie making possible also gained fame and dignity for themselves that have been remarkably incomparable among others who have been flourishing in the same industry through the years that followed before them.            The said ten personalities shall be introduced in the list that follows: Alvah Bessie (1940-2001)      He is a screenwriter who created themes for Warner Brothers studios, and some other studios, which he spent lesser times with. His enthusiasm in showing the       society of the post-war effects of the current issues that happened during his years has been completely phenomenal in the entertainment industry. His ability   if catering to the theme that most of the audiences in the society like to see in the      movies has created for him a name that goes around the extra ordinary in creating movie plots.      Among his works was Objective Burma (1945), Men in Battle, Spain Again       (book) and Spanish Civil War Notebooks (book, 1938). All the said works           became more focused on the experiences that he, along with his colleagues has    experienced during the war era. Herbert J. Biberman  (1950)            He is an American Director-Screenwriter who posted much enthusiasm on the showing f the side of the union workers regarding the social issues that concerns them. Because of this fact, the socialists mostly mistakenly accuse him of being a communist because of the theme of his movies. However, for the less-heard society, he was the epitome of a man who has made their voices heard to towards those who needed to address their needs. Lester Cole (1920-1960) Although he was considered to be among the less unfortunate members of the top ten of Hollywood’s Golden Years, he has also created ways by which some of the people in the society were directly addressed through his screenplays. Most of his movies catered to the dreams of most of the American people during his times. His ability of creating for himself a name in the industry identifies him as a sole creator of the film-art. Edward Dmytryk (1935-1960)            He started as a messenger in the Paramount pictures when he entered the Hollywood scene. Most of his movies were known to be of a theme that caters to the public idealisms of a fine society. The ability of the young ones to make a change and the fantasy-related dreams of people or the audiences has been mostly the main theme of his films. Ring Lardner, Jr. (1940-1970)            His movies mostly catered to the idealisms of the women population. The constant relation that he has posted towards the wants of the women in the society has earned him a credible name from the feminist groups of the society. Although he has been blacklisted for quite some time, his works has been undeniably incomparable. John Howard Lawson (1920-1964) His enthusiasm in filmmaking has been much shifted on the political theme of the movies that he created. The flaws of the government and the authorities that makes the up the government has made his works different form that of the others. Albert Maltz            He is known as a novelist who wanted to create stories that catered to the social views of the local audiences. Hence, most of his works were turned into movies that were widely accepted by the people. Samuel Ornitz (1923- 1930) He was a generally refined novelist who catered to the themes that affected the audiences as people and as members of the society. Although he has been blacklisted, his works became known to the public and was directly accepted by the audiences. Adrian Scott (1950) Screenwriter/producer Dalton Trumbo (1940-1970) He created films that are close to reality especially during the wart years. He was rather certain about his aim of letting the society know of the truth even though it was most dangerous during those times.            The big ten of Hollywood’s history has been much of a breakthrough to the usual programming that Hollywood has been catering to. They opened ways by which playwrights, screenwriters and directors could express their views through movies with much braver and determination to let the public know of the truth though artistic entertainment. CHAPTER 4 Conclusion            From the history of Hollywood’s most flourishing years, towards the present era, the entertainment industry that remains a resident in the Hollywood community has been proven to influence many people not only in the American society or regions but also in the whole world. The ability of the filmmaking industry to affect the lives of the people have been noted as the most effective way of creating opinions of the public regarding the social issue that are currently affecting the human society.            In the future, it is expected that Hollywood’s years of existence would continue to flourish and cater to the entertainment needs to he public. Not only as a source of relaxation but as a revelation to the reality that binds the human society’s current history. BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: David Bordwell. (2003). Film Art: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Companies; 7th edition. G. Ellrod. (2001). Hollywood Greats of the Golden Years: The Late Stars of the 20s Through the 50s (McFarland Classics). McFarland Company; New Ed edition. Internet Sources: Mary Scott. (2003). The Hollywood Ten. http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/blacklist.html. (January 23, 2007). Historic Resources Group. (2005). A Short History of Hollywood. http://www.historicla.com/hollywood/history.html. (January 23, 2007). Film History of the 1950s. (2006). http://www.filmsite.org/50sintro.html. (January 23, 2007).
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Time Management: History and Concepts
Time Management: History and Concepts WARMING UP TO THE CONCEPT OF TIME Now go on and enjoy yourself, dance to your hearts content and win the Princes heart. But remember, you have to be back before the clock strikes twelve at midnight. We all are familiar with the words of the Fairy God Mother in the evergreen fairy tale Cinderella. Its these words that probably made us aware-for the first time in our lives-of the value of time. We all sympathized with Cinderella when all her splendid gown and other finery turned to rags at the stroke of midnight. Our first acquaintance with the villainous Time! But then, is time such a villain, who should always be painted in black? We have heard the proverb that says there are no wounds that time cannot heal. Here of course we get the image of a wizened old woman who comes hobbling up to us with a pitcher full of balm and gentle fingers that soothe away all our pains and sorrows. But thats enough! This project was not made to sing the praises of time. There is no need of the romance of Cinderella or the soothing finger of an old lady when we are talking about time. And do you know why? Its because we do not have the time for it. We are going to try and understand time in its many faces. No, I was not referring to the faces of watches or clocks. I was referring to the many meanings that time has. Oh yes it does! You thought that time meant the same to everyone. Well think again; or maybe you could try to explain the logic behind the following cases. Picture a farmer who plants a sapling of a tree that would probably take ten to twelve years to reach the stage when it would start to bear fruit, by then the farmer would in likelihood be under the soil himself. Picture a jailbird in bird counting on the bars of his cell waiting for the seconds, minutes, and hours, days, weeks, months and years to go by before he can be free again. Now picture a young couple madly in love with each other cherishing the few minutes they get to spend with each other every day, cursing time because it flies so fast when they are together and never the other way round. So what does time mean to you? When was the last time that you realized the value of time? The answer is probably the last time you watched one of those Bollywood thrillers in which the hero is driving a car in which a time-bomb has been planted and the hero is unaware of this. But we being the getting-to-see-it-all audience watch with bated breath as the tiny needle of the timer ticks towards the point at which the explosion is sure to occur. But just before that, the hero hits the brakes screeches to a halt to avoid hitting that old lady crossing the road. And when he jumps out to help her cross the road the needle reaches the point and the bomb is exploded. And our hero is safe. Its funny how the hero always escapes without a scratch in these movies. But I expect thats why they call them heroes. Now we are really transgressing arent we? So back to our subject that is Time Management. Do you know what is interesting about the concept of Time? It is absolutely uncontrollable. Personally I believe that there is something very humbling about this concept. Just imagine a man with all his power is just like a helpless babe before time. There it is Time stands tall and strong before man and man remains vulnerable and weak before it. Man, the big strong man who tamed rivers and seas, who reached out to the skies and beyond, who harnessed wind and water and dug up the bowels of the earth is but a worm before Time. The best he can do to win the battle against time is die is hair and use some anti-wrinkle cream on his face. In fact, the closest that man has got towards conquering time is those many history books that have been penned; they are of course chronicles of events that happened long ago and that is certainly not much to boast about. And so now we come to our subject that is time management because after all the illustrations given above, I hope that I have made one point clear, that is that Time cannot be controlled, it can only be managed. And that is what we are going to do. We are going to learn the art of time management. I dont want you to have an air of helplessness. You might begin to feel that if the battle cannot be won, then what is point in putting up a struggle? Ah, but there you are missing out on a very important point. In all the illustrations that I used above, I was referring to man in general and not to one particular Tom, Dick or Harry. So you can see that this aspect of time is applicable to every human being and there is no running away from it. Every person has only twenty four hours in a day and no force on earth can alter that. So in order to get the cutting edge what you have to do is to be able to manage your time in the most effective way possible. And that is what Time management is all about. Its about managing your time effectively and if I may I would like to add the word efficiently too. Now, when we talk about our resources, everyone knows that we are referring to the resources like fossil fuels, forests, mineral wealth, and water bodies and so on. But surprisingly time is never included in this list. When we talk about non-renewable resources, fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas top the list. But what about time? A point that most people tend to forget is that time is the most valuable resource that we have, and time once lost, is lost forever. We can think about alternate sources of energy for fossil fuels like electricity, fuel cells, solar energy and the research goes on. But is there any alternative for time that is lost. Again I stress on the point that time once lost, is lost forever. And hence we have the proverb, time and tide waits for no man. HISTORY OF TIME MANAGEMENT The idea of time management has been in existence for more than 100 years. Unfortunately, the term time management creates a false impression of what a person is able to do. Time can neither be managed, nor controlled. We can only manage ourselves and our use of time. History of time management dates back to the 6th century AD with the St. Benedictine Monks who emphasized and encouraged scheduled activities at all times. The concept of time efficiency was introduced by Scottish Economist Adam Smith who developed an assembly line system for factory workers. Benjamin Franklin is considered by many to be the father of modern time management. He mostly emphasized on the effective use of time. Franklin carried around a little black book wherever he went, and within it, he wrote about his thirteen virtues. Each night he would reflect upon the days activities to judge whether he had lived up to these core values. These values were as follows: Temperance Silence Order Resolution Frugality Industry Sincerity Justice Moderation Cleanliness Tranquility Chastity Humility UNDERSTANDING TIME MANAGEMENT We all have time to either spend or waste and it is our decision what to do with it. But once passed, it is gone forever. Bruce Lee (Zen in the Martial Arts by Joe Hyams) Every individual on earth has the same amount of time 60 seconds in a minute; 60 minutes in an hour; 1,440 minutes in a day; and 525,600 minutes in a year. While a vast majority of people confesses faltering to come to grips with it, extremely few can claim to have made the most of it. How is it that they have got it all done? Its because they have managed a way to figure out how to manage their time effectively. Time Management is more than just managing time. It is about controlling the use of the most valuable and undervalued resource. It is managing oneself in relation to time. It is setting priorities and taking charge of the situation and time utilization. It means changing those habits or activities that cause waste of time. It is being willing to adopt habits and methods to make maximum use of time. With good time management skills one is in control of ones time, stress and energy levels. One can maintain balance between ones work and personal life. One finds enough flexibility to respond to surprises or new opportunities. It is not how much time one has, but rather the way one uses it. The bottom line is how well one manages time. Internationally known authority on time management Dr. Alec Mackenzie in his book The Time Trap argues that the very idea of time management is a misnomer because one really cannot manage time in the way other resources can be managed: financial capital, physical capital, human capital, information and time. While each of the first four can be augmented, reduced, transferred or otherwise controlled, Time cannot be manipulated. Dr. Mackenzie contends that when it comes to time, one can only manage oneself in relation to it. One cannot control time as one can control other resources one can only control how one uses it. In the world in which we live, time cannot be replaced or re-created. It is therefore not for us to choose whether we spend or save time but to choose only how we spend it. MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT TIME There are several misconceptions which we all have about time. They affect everyone including those persons who may be considered quite successful and effective. Here are some of the misconceptions identified by Dr. Mackenzie:  · Time management is simple all it requires is common sense. While it is true that the concept is simple, the self-discipline required to practice effective time management is not easy.  · Work is best performed under pressure. Psychological studies show this to be no more than an excuse for procrastination. One does not work well under pressure only does the best one can under the circumstances. Pressure and challenge must not be confused. Laras performance when the West Indies Team is in trouble has more to do with application and determination rather than pressure.  · I use a diary, a to-do list and have a secretary to keep me organized. One has to keep oneself organized no one can do it for others. The trouble with the disorganized person is that he hardly has time to listen to his secretary or look at his diary.  · I do not have the time. The effective worker or manager often gets more work done in the earlier hours of the morning than most laggards get done in the whole day. He then no longer has to work against tight deadlines and under stress which contributes to heart problems and not unusually the ultimate reduction of time on this earth.  · Time management might be good for some kinds of work but my job is creative. Time management is not about routine: it is about self-discipline. Lack of discipline prevents one from being great instead of simply good. Time management takes away the fun and freedom of spontaneity. Is working under stress, forgetting appointments, making constant excuses and apologies to be fun? Would it not be much more fun if by better organization one had one or two more hours every day to spend with the family, to play games, read a good book, plan for tomorrow and the day and week after or just relax? WHY IS TIME MANAGEMENT SO IMPORTANT? Time management is a common problem faced by most of us. Oftentimes, when you are swarmed with multiple tasks at once, it becomes extremely difficult to identify which ones you must complete first. Too often, people eat up what is supposed to be their free time to be able to accomplish all pending tasks in time. It takes a considerate amount of skill in order to manage your time properly. If you are one of these people, you are usually able to control your time efficiently that you can even finish tasks ahead of time. Lets try to analyze the importance of Time Management in different fields. Time Management in School/College: Due to more freedom merited to college students, it can become quite challenging for new (freshman) students to cope with time management. The liberty to choose your own schedule readily creates a false notion that they can do whatever they want. On the other hand, it reflects ones priorities and how you are able to properly appropriate them into your schedule. With lack of proper time management, a student will have trouble coping up with deadlines set by professors. Most students would tend to slack off during vacant hours that they end up accomplishing nothing. If a student has prepared his or her own list of work for the day, he or she will be able to properly allocate the time spent for extracurricular activities and assignments. Time Management at Work: When it comes to your job, proper usage of your time is more particular. This is because you are paid for the hours of service you render to the firm. Hence, companies will try to ensure that each hour you spend at the office is utilized effectively for work. Despite of this, employees still seek out ways to have a break. If time is not properly managed, employees could easily eat up more time for their breaks than what is actually spent on actual work. Hence, the company ends up requiring the employee to do overtime work just to finish a project. If the overtime rendered is reflected on your paycheck, then good for you. But if not, then you reap the unpleasant effects of poor time management. SYMPTOMS OF POOR TIME MANAGEMENT Poor time management shows up by way of one or a combination of typical perceptible symptoms. Managers would do well to look for and reflect on whether they are subject to any of those symptoms with a view to take necessary corrective actions. The following are some of the indicators of poor time management: Constant rushing (e.g. between meetings or tasks) Frequent delays (e.g. in attending meetings, meeting deadlines) Low productivity, energy and motivation (e.g. I cant seem to get worked up about anything) Frustration (e.g. Oh, things just dont move ahead) Impatience (e.g. where the hell is that information Ive asked him for?) Chronic vacillation between alternatives (e.g. whichever option I choose it is going to put me at a big disadvantage. I dont know which way to jump) Difficulty setting and achieving goals (e.g. Im not sure what is expected of me) WHERE DOES ALL THE TIME GO? It is quite surprising when you sit and think about where all the time in one day goes. Twenty four hours is really a lot of time. But on most days it scarcely seems enough. But this is because of certain misconceptions about time. Let us proceed to carefully examine where all that time goes and find out if twenty four hours really is. For that I have listed out certain points which will help you to get a realistic view about how much time you really have in a day. Point 1 We do not really get twenty four hours in a day. Maybe its because we always talk about the twenty four hours in a day, we get the feeling that we really do have twenty four hours to finish our daily business and the fact is that we do not. Assuming that you hit the sack at least by twelve in the night and taking for granted the fact that you need at least seven hours of sleep; let me fix your waking time at seven in the morning. That means that you have already lost seven hours, which we can deduct from twenty four, giving us only seventeen waking hours. Waking hours does not mean the hours you take to wakeup but the hours that you are awake. So let us get that straight, we have only 17 hours in a day. Now if you think that all those seventeen hours can be used for productive work, you are wrong again. For this come to the next point. Point 2 The seventeen waking hours cannot be used completely for productive work. There are many things that a human being should do in order to continue to live like a human being and some of these things do take up a lot of time. Now the following list that I have drawn up is sure to vary from person to person. But I have taken the times for each action on what I felt to e reasonable times as far as any normal human being is concerned. Taking a shower. Most of us take a shower at least once in a day and the time I think we can put down for that is ten minutes. For those of you cleaner ones who shower twice a day put that as twenty minutes. Answering the call of nature Oh yes, we are all very cultured people who have the best of manners and upbringing. We dress ourselves properly and conduct ourselves with the utmost poise. But there are several times in a day when we have to go back to nature and summing up all those things we do in the bath room I think a good half hour should be enough. Getting ready and tidying ourselves When we move about in society definitely we have to look our best and adding up all the minutes that we spend in front of that mirror, we get another ten minutes. For some people of course, this figure comes up to half an hour. But I think ten minutes is good enough. Eating We need to eat to live and though I accept the fact that people have different eating habits and times, I think that and Im sure doctors will agree with me that a person needs three meals a day and should take at least ten minutes to ingest a meal and not just gobble it down. So that makes it 30 minutes for food. Time to relax Please do not raise an argument now. I promise to deal with this bit later on. But right now I would like to put down one hour as the time to relax, and this includes the time that you get to yourself for prayer or meditation or just to stare out of your window or perhaps the few extra minutes that you spend in your bed after waking up, waiting for the last traces of sleep to go away. Time with family and friends Please we are human beings, arent we? And we certainly cannot get along with our business of life without chatting a few minutes every now and then with our friends and the family too. So with your permission, I would like to deduct another hour from your waking time. So now what do we have left? We started off with 17 hours of waking time. And we proceed to add up all the time that we accounted for in the above mentioned points; let us see how much time we have left for productive work provided we still want to exist as human beings. The activities mentioned above would take when put together a good three hours and twenty minutes. That is 3 hours and 20 minutes. I put it down in both numerals and words so that you can get a real taste of the figure. Now if we proceed to subtract this figure from our 17 hours of waking time, what do we get? We are left with just thirteen hours forty minutes. In figures that is 13 hours 40 minutes. And that is a fact. That is all that we get. So from now on dont you think that it would be more realistic to say that we have just thirteen hours and forty minutes to accomplish a days work and not twenty-four hours. For if we continue to believe that we have twenty four hours, and then we are in effect deceiving ourselves. But wait there is more to this story than meets the eye. These crucial hours that we have painstakingly added up are not really put to constructive use. There are certain things called time waster which you have to look out for and that is what we are going to deal w ithin our next chapter. Time Killers Till now, we have been harping about how valuable time is and how time lost is time lost forever and so on. But now we come to a strange concept and that is Time Killers. The very word sound like sacrilege doesnt it? How can one talk about killing such a valuable resource. But thats the way the story goes. Thee are a lot of time killers in this world and what you have to do is that you have to identify these time killers, look out for them and stay wary of tem. Only then can you put your available time to the maximum possible use. The time killers that I have listed below are more or less general. They are things that most of us encounter. But apart from these, each one of us may have unique time killers that are particular to our style of living and way of work. Be smart and identify these killers. When I talk about killers, do not get the impression of masked men lurking in shadows brandishing guns and knives. The killers that I am referring to are quite ordinary every day things that we see and use in our lives but often do not realize how much of our time they take away. Seven terrible Time Killers Telephone calls Chatter boxes Traffic jams Finding parking spaces Meetings Bad machinery Long queues The list could of course go on. But before we keep adding to the list, I would like to elaborate on certain of the items listed above. How to handle Time Killers †¢ The funny thing about telephone calls is that these instruments are indeed great time savers. In fact the amount of time that people get to save thanks to telephones is stupendous. The problem arises when telephones are not used properly. Most people do not understand and even if they do they forget that telephones are not to be used for lengthy conversations. For one thing, another person may be trying to reach you and there is nothing as exasperating as trying to reach a person over the telephone and being confronted with a busy tone. So the first thing about a telephone conversation is that it should be brief. Another thing about telephones is that most people do not know how to use a telephone properly. In stead of immediately identifying themselves and asking directly for the person they want, some people go on playing a lot of who is speaking games once they make a call or answer the telephone. Now coming to mobile phones there is a lot to be said and done. What should be done is turn off your cell phone when you are having a conversation or a discussion with more than one person. As soon as you get a call, you may ask the people you were talking to excuse yourself but you leave them waiting while you chuckle and giggle over your phone. Often we tend to give ore importance to the caller than to the person we were having the discussion with. Again the same rule applies here. Be brief. A mobile phone is to be used to get an important message across to a person who you were not able to reach on the land line. * The next point is about those chatter boxes. Havent we all met them? They simply love the sound of their own voices and once they open their mouths, there is no stopping them. They waste not only your time but their time as well. Steer clear of such people. Believe me, it is much easier to avoid such people than to tell them to shut up and if you get a telephone call from such a person, use a caller ID facility or ask your secretary to divert the call.  · Traffic jams and finding parking spaces. Any one who has lived in the city for at least a day will know what I am talking about. There is no getting past a traffic jam at the rush hour. And will someone tell me whit is called the rush hour when that is the time when the traffic is the slowest. The only thing you can do is anticipate the traffic jam and leave your home a half hour or one hour early. But that does not really keep the time killer at bay. It just helps you to avoid being late. In this respect you have two options. Either you could find something constructive to do while you wait for the traffic to move along or the traffic light to change or a better option would be to take subway and walk the rest of the way. You can get a long a lot faster on your feet and it is a lot better for your health as well. By doing so, you can also get rid of the headache of finding a parking space.  · Not surprisingly lengthy meetings and discussions can prove to be awful time killers particularly if the meeting does not have a clear agenda and if there are people who love top talk among the group. It has been found that most middle and senior level mangers spend nearly 70% of their work time talking. And in most organizations, parleying has been made into a fine art. * Bad machinery is a time waster. How many of us have wanted to sit and scream and bang the daylights out of a pc that does not give us the required data or information. A computer that takes a long time to start up, a photocopier that gives shamefully faint photocopies, even a leaky faucet or a stubborn drawer or door knob can waste a lot of time and send us up the wall. If you have such equipment or machinery, get it changed at the earliest possible date. It is worth the amount of time and energy that you waste on it every day. * Long queues certainly waste a lot of time. That does not mean that you have to jump the queue. If you can get the job done over the telephone or can reserve your ticket in advance, do it, even if it means a few extra dollars, it is worth the time you may have to spend waiting. Apart from these each person may have particular time wasters, like for instance, a car that refuses to start in the morning, difficult hair that insists on looking like Medusas head on a bad snake day, an elevator that takes forever to reach your floor. Use your common sense and try to find alternate methods or even better, if you cannot find an alternate method, you could put the time to some use like read your morning paper in the elevator. You will get a better idea of how to get over time killers once we handle the section called the time savers. Lining Up Your Ducks: Prioritize! Lining up your ducks is a familiar and charming phrase. It derives from the tendency of baby ducklings to swim in a perfectly straight line behind their mother. If the ducklings begin to stray too far, the mother duck will invariably shepherd them back into lineâ€â€thus, getting her ducks in a row. The application of this phrase to time management is clear. If you deal with things in a logical, orderly sequence, youre sure to bring efficiency and results to your efforts. When your ducks begin to stray too far afield, danger is lurkingâ€â€for them and for you. Lets face it. 24 hours in a day is not enough time for many people to do everything in their schedule. It is therefore imperative that people perform their activities in the order of priority. Time management experts like Stephen Covey S R (The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People; Simon Schuster) have developed a model called a time management matrix. This model enables managers to prioritize their activities and use their time more effectively. With the help of the model, they can evaluate their activities in terms of importance and urgency. The art of prioritizing covers 4 major task groups: Important and Urgent Not Important but Urgent Not Urgent but Important Not Important and Not Urgent TIME MANAGEMENT MATRIX Important and Urgent Quadrant 1 represents things which are both urgent and important labeled firefighting. The activities need to be dealt with immediately, and they are important. These tasks are the ones that must be done right away, or consequences may result. An example would be bills that are due today. If you dont pay your bills on time, you would incur additional charges or they might cut off their services to you. Activities belonging to this category need to be acted upon without delay. You should give them the highest priority. Important but Not Urgent Quadrant 2 represents things which are important, but not urgent labelled Quality Time. Although the activities here are important, and contribute to achieving the goals and priorities they do not have to be done right now. As a result, they can be scheduled when they can be given quality thought to them. A good example would be the preparation of an important talk, or mentoring a key individual. Prayer time, family time and personal relaxation/recreation are also part of Quadrant 2. Urgent but Not Important Quadrant 3 represents distractions. They must be dealt with right now, but frankly, are not important. For example, when a person answers an unwanted phone call, he/she has had to interrupt whatever he/she is doing to answer it. Not Important and Not Urgent Quadrant 4 represents Time Wasting. You might think activities in this section are not worth peoples time, so they wont engage in these activities much. You would be surprised to know that people spend most of their time doing things that are both unimportant and non-urgent, such as watching TV and movies, playing video games, senseless chatting for hours on the phone, shopping for new clothes, etc. Of course, it is essential for people to relax and unwind once in a while. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, as they say. But you should be strict in limiting your time for these activities; that is, if you really want to accomplish a lot in your life. Treat activities belonging to this section with the lowest priority. If you really want to succeed, strictly limit your time in doing these activities or dont do them at all. Focus on those that will bring you fruitful results. Numbered Priority Tactic Heres one of the most powerful techniques that you can use to manage your time efficiently the Numbered Priority Tactic. Buy a very small notebook that you can put in your pocket. You should be able to bring it anywhere you go. At the front page of the notebook, put the title: Important and Urgent. At the back page, put the title: Important but Not Urgent. If an idea or event you encounter is Urgent but Not Important, then forget it. You want to utilize your time well, wont you? If you think its significant in some way, then you may put it under Important and Urgent. Ignore Not Important and Not Urgent tasks. Every time something comes up during your daily work or on your mind, put it in the appropriate page of your little notebook. So lets say your boss told you to submit a report due tomorrow. Write it down on your notebook under Important and Urgent. Then your friend told you that theres a big 2-day sale at the downtown furniture store. You may put it under Important and Urgent if you simply must have that furniture youre drooling for months. But if you think your house would do fine without it, then dont write it anymore. As youre walking down the street you suddenly thought of a great new idea for your part-time business. You may put it under Important but Not Urgent. As the day goes on, write down each and every idea, thought, or event that comes to your mind. As the list increases in each category, examine each of them carefully and start numbering each item in the order of priority with 1 being the highest priority. Start working on Number 1, and never go to Number 2 until youre done with Number 1 for each category. If distractions come about, you may take care of them first but always come back to your numbered list when youre done. Because priorities may change, you may switch or change the numbers of the items in the list. You may also transfer one item from Important and Urgent to Important but Not Urgent, and vice-versa. When you do any changes, make sure your notebook stays clean. Transfer your writings to a new page when you see that its getting untidy. Start off with a new page every day. This method can enable you to achieve more in one week than what most people can accomplish in a month. The important thing you must do is to buy that little notebook and to start doing this super tactic right now! Time is running fast. <
Friday, October 25, 2019
A Walk Through Reality With Stephen Crane Essay -- Biography Biographi
A Walk Through Reality With Stephen Crane        Seeking and expressing the bare truth is often more difficult than writing stories of fiction. This truth can be harsher to the reader than works of fiction; it can make an author's desire to reveal the essence of society through characters the reader relates to risky and unpopular. Stephen Crane wrote of ordinary people who face difficult circumstances that his readers could relate to (Seaman 148). Crane sought to debunk the ideas that were inherent in nineteenth-century literature, which depicted life in a more favorable, but often unrealistic, light. In Crane's works, Dorothy Nyren Curley says, "There are no false steps, no excesses," (255).  Crane's impoverished background helped him understand the cruelty of life. Crane's childhood was marred by tragedy. He was the youngest of fourteen children, but the four children born before Crane died within a year of their birth. When Crane was seven, his father died; when he was twelve, his sister ,who had nurtured his budding literary interest, died as well, and two years later an older brother was crushed to death by two freight cars. These misfortunes shaped Crane's insight into human nature; his works emphasized ordinary people facing the evils of war and poverty and other obstacles Crane saw and endured himself. Despite his sister's death, Crane clung onto his literary interest, and at the age of twenty one, he wrote Maggie: A Girl of the Streets. It is a story of a young woman, Maggie Johnson, who "blossom(s) in a mud puddle" (Maggie 16). Maggie grows up in the tenements of Manhattan, enduring abusive and alcoholic parents and the filth of povert y. With no education or money, Maggie takes a job in a cuff ... ...5/3/99). Crane, Stephen. Maggie: Girl of the Streets. New York: Bantam, 1984. _____. Red Badge of Courage. New York: Bantam, 1983. _____. The Open Boat. New York: Bantam, 1984. Curley, Dorothy Nyren. American Writers A Collection Of Literary Biographies, New York: Ungar, 1960. McClurg, Alexander. "Red Badge of Courage Critical Reception: Early Reviews" www.xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/CRANE/ . (5/7/99). Seaman, David. "Stephen Crane." www.extext.lib.virginia.edu/conditions.html (5/7/99). Ungar, Leonard. Modern American Literature, New York: Scribner's, 1974. Vanouse, Donald. "Stephen Crane (1871-1900)." www.etext.lib.virginia.edu/conditions.html. (5/7/99). Wyatt, Edith. "Stephen Crane." The New Republic, v.4 no.45, 1915. Rpt. On electronic version "Stephen Crane". www.etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/br (5/7/99). Â
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Sonnet 116 Review
marriage†¦ impediments (1-2): T. G. Tucker explains that the first two lines are a â€Å"manifest allusion to the words of the Marriage Service: ‘If any of you know cause or just impediment why these two persons should not be joined together in holy matrimony'; cf. Much Ado 4. 1. 12. ‘If either of you know any inward impediment why you should not be conjoined. ‘ Where minds are true – in possessing love in the real sense dwelt upon in the following lines – there can be no ‘impediments' through change of circumstances, outward appearance, or temporary lapses in conduct. †(Tucker, 192). ends with the remover to remove (4): i. e. , deviates (â€Å"bends†) to alter its course (â€Å"remove†) with the departure of the lover. ever-fixed mark (5): i. e. , a lighthouse (mark = sea-mark). Compare Othello (5. 2. 305-7): Be not afraid, though you do see me weapon'd; Here is my journey's end, here is my butt, And very sea-mark of m y utmost sail. the star to every wandering bark (7): i. e. , the star that guides every lost ship (guiding star = Polaris). Shakespeare again mentions Polaris (also known as â€Å"the north star†) in Much Ado About Nothing (2. 1. 222) and Julius Caesar (3. 1. 65).Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken (8): The subject here is still the north star. The star's true value can never truly be calculated, although its height can be measured. Love's not Time's fool (9): i. e. , love is not at the mercy of Time. Within his bending sickle's compass come (10): i. e. , physical beauty falls within the range (â€Å"compass†) of Time's curved blade. Note the comparison of Time to the Grim Reaper, the scythe-wielding personification of death. edge of doom (12): i. e. , Doomsday. Compare 1 Henry IV (4. 1. 141): Come, let us take a muster speedily: Doomsday is near; die all, die merrily.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Negotiation Article Analysis
Negotiation Article Analysis When negotiations are held, the main intention is to come up with an agreement that will provide a roadmap for an action to be taken (Howard, 1982, p.5). Negotiations have mostly been aimed at ensuring that existing conflicts are resolved amicably. They occur over a wide area and have no restrictions. In addition, negotiations can occur between organizations, businesses, governments and in other personal situations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation Article Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are many actual negotiation situations that have occurred in a global context. Examples include between international corporations and organizations, government to government and international acquisition (Howard, 1982, p.15). In international business there have been negotiations between the US and China (in relation to currency). China has been accused of manipulating the value of the Yuan. It has been ag ued that they have not moved towards a more flexible currency. On the other hand, the US has been accusing China of being a currency manipulator because it has kept the value of its currency unchanged to the dollar for almost two years (Stohr Mattingly, 2010, p. 7). There has been pressure for a Yuan revelation so as not to put their exports ahead of others like America. Most of the public pressure has come from the US as they have felt more offended than anyone else. Chinas policies and practices have given most exporters an unfair advantage over their US competitors. As a result the US government through its Treasury secretary has been involved in negotiations to resolve this dispute once and for all. Some have been calling for immediate imposition of import duties to the Chinese. This is ultimately a global issue that pits the world’s largest economies against one another. In coming up with negotiations to resolve this dispute some US lawmakers have argued that Chinese le aders are not committed to this issue (Stohr Mattingly, 2010, p. 3). Of course it is evident that problems between the US and China can be solved through negotiations. There has been a multilateral effort to ensure that this issue is solved through negotiations. Negotiations have been aimed at looking into the relationship between the two countries (that will define how they relate in business). Before these there has been a distributive bargaining where the US has urged China to try and correct the situation for better trade relations between the two countries. To resolve this issue China has been urged to move towards a more flexible currency. As a matter of fact, the Chinese president was able to visit Washington in a bid to ensure that trade ties are not severed. On the other hand, China has put in place good measures that allow for negotiations in an aim to resolve this issue. An involving negotiation process has been called for among the players to reach an amicable solution as this is a global issue.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a broader perspective, to give the negotiation process a professional approach many economic experts have been called in to ensure that the authenticity of the claim has a basis from which it can be well argued on. The process has involved the people who run treasury from the two countries (Stohr Mattingly, 2010, p. 9). This is because it is an economic dispute that needs a comprehensive solution. Although negotiations are the only way to resolve the dispute; it has not been successful over the years as the Chinese have not been ready (in many occasions) to sit down and commit themselves. The negotiation process is ongoing and will open a window for more issues to be looked into. Reference List Howard, R. (1982). The Art and Science of Negotiation. Harvard: Belknap Press. Stohr, G. Mattingly, P. (2010) . (2010). Geithner Delays Currency Report, Urges Flexible Yuan. Web.
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